Chapter 20 Objective Questions
Chapter 20: Sustainability, Economics, and Equity
8. What are ecosystem services? Give examples of ecosystem services.
9. Define natural capital. Give examples
10. Define sustainability in terms of natural capital.
11. Draw out a supply curve and a demand curve. Label the market equilibrium price. and describe how this economic model allows a market to allocate scarce resources.
12. Describe the role of environmental and ecological economists and valuation in achieving sustainability.
13. Define externalities. Identify how externalities affect the supply and demand curve and explain why this occurs. What are the environmental (or social) impacts
14. Describe the history and current state of sand mining locally and argue with evidence that our beaches are being compromised as a result of this activity.
15. Contrast these three strategies that can be taken to modify human behavior to account for failures of the market system? Give examples of each.
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Command-and-control approach
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Incentive-based approach
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Green tax, compare to CHS dress code
16. Define GDP and why it may not be an accurate indicator of a society’s wealth or well-being. List the factors that GPI takes into account that GDP does not.
17. Describe what information the Kuznet’s Curve is trying to suggest. Do you agree with the model?
18. Explain how developed countries can help developing countries using terms like technology transfer and leapfrogging
19. Define microlending, explain why it is unique and the effects it can have on a community.
20. Describe the basis of the Precautionary Principle and provide an example of it put into place
21. Describe the role of each of these world organizations and their connection to sustainability
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The United Nations Environment Programme
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The World Bank
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The World Health Organization
22. Describe the role of each of these United States Agencies and their connection to sustainability
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The Environmental Protection Agency
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The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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The Department of Energy
23. Explain environmental equity and environmental justice